Type	Launchers	First Tested	Range (km)	Payload (kg)	Technical Details	Comments
NUCLEAR-CAPABLE MISSILES
Hatf I	80		80	500		Not believed to be nuclear capable.
Hatf II/Abdali	?		180	500		Not believed to be nuclear capable. Last tested May 2002.
Hatf III/Ghaznavi/ M-11	30-84?	mid-1990 (Chinese test)	280	500-800	Single stage, solid fuel.	30+ Stored in Sargodha Air Force Base near Lahore. Tested by Pakistan in May 2002.
Shaheen I (1)		14 April 1999	600-750	1000	Single stage, solid fuel.	Likely a derivative of the Chinese M-9.
Shaheen II (2)	In development.		2,000-3,000?	1000	Two stage, solid fuel, road- mobile missile.	Has been shown in parades but never flight-tested.
Ghauri I/Hatf V	10-12?	6 April 1998	1,300-1,500	700	Single stage, liquid fuel, road- mobile missile.	Reported to be based on No Dong. Tested to 1,100km. Last tested May 2002.
Ghauri II	5-10?	14 April 1999	2,000	700	Liquid fuel.	Tested to 1,165km.
NUCLEAR-CAPABLE AIRCRAFT (3)
Type	Aircraft	Year Deployed	Range (km)	Comments
A-5 'Fantan' (4)	60	1983	2,000	From China.
Mirage III	107	1968	4,000	From France.
Mirage 5	64	1983	4,000	From France.
F-16	32	1983	2,500	From U.S.

 

Notes:

1. Some news reports have stated that production is underway as of September 2000.

2. Some news reports have stated the Shaheen II is ready for testing.

3. Some of these aircraft may be nuclear capable; how many is unknown. The Project has provided total inventories. For an interesting analysis of Pakistan's Air Force, visit the PAF Weapons Systems page provided by the Pakistan Institute for Air Defence Studies.

4. According to the Pakistan Institute for Air Defence Studies "The PAF A-5Cs have been modified to carry a single 5-20 kT nuclear bomb under the centreline along with two external wing mounted fuel drop tanks. In the event of nuclear attack, the PAF A-5Cs will be used primarily to deliver battlefield nuclear bombs over advancing enemy armoured columns. They will also be used for conventional as well as nuclear attack on enemy air bases, missile launch sites and strategic installations located within 1,000 km from the Pakistani border with air defence escort provided by PAF F-7MP fighter interceptors."

Sources:

Albright, David. "India's and Pakistan's Fissile Material and Nuclear Weapons Inventories, end of 1999." Available online from the Institute for Science and International Security's web site: www.isis-online.org

Hewish, Mark. "Ballistic Missile Threat Evolves: Missiles Have Become Instruments of "Course of Diplomacy." Jane's International Defense Review, October 2000.

Jones, Rodney and Mark McDonough. Tracking Nuclear Proliferation, 1998. (Washington D.C.: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1998)

PAF Weapons Systems: Strike Bombers/Ground-Attack Aircraft, A-5C 'Fantan.' Pakistan Institute for Air Defence Studies. Available online: http://www.piads.com.pk/users/piads/pafa5.html

Sawhney, Pravin K. "Pakistan Scores Over India in Ballistic Missile Race." Jane's Intelligence Review, November 2000.

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Additional Resources

Pakistan's Nuclear Forces, 2001
(Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists)

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Pakistan has not yet deployed any nuclear weapons.

Pakistan quickly became the second South Asian nation to declare its nuclear capability in May 1998. A list of its potential delivery vehicles is provided below. Pakistan's Hatf-class short-range missiles are not considered nuclear-capable.

For a detailed analysis of Pakistan's nuclear stockpile, read David Albright's 11 October 2000 report "India's and Pakistan's Fissile Material and Nuclear Weapons Inventories, end of 1999" available from the Institute for Science and International Security. Albright estimates that at the end of 1999 Pakistan possessed 1.7-13 kg of weapons-grade plutonium and 585-800 kg of weapons-grade uranium. This could
potentially be used to build 30-52 nuclear weapons.

For a more comprehensive treatment of Pakistan's nuclear weapons program, see the chapter on Pakistan from

• Deadly Arsenals: Tracking Weapons of Mass Destruction, 2002
• Tracking Nuclear Proliferation, 1998