Iran’s persistent nuclear ambitions and domestic political turmoil make it an increasing focus of international concern. Its vast oil and natural gas reserves make it a key player in energy security discussions, and its political interests, particularly in Palestine, Syria and Lebanon, make it a regional power in the Middle East. Carnegie scholars offer timely analysis of the domestic situation in Iran, its nuclear program, its regional role, and its relations with the United States.
The Obama administration’s deadline for Iran to enter discussions on the nuclear issue has passed. In spite of claims from Washington that “all options are on the table,” the economic crisis makes a military response to Iran infeasible.
President Obama has the opportunity to make the world a dramatically safer place by helping the Iranian people achieve a new form of government. A regime change in Tehran would be the best nonproliferation policy.
As thousands of Iranians continue to take to the streets in protest, President Obama is presented with an opportunity to help support transformational democratic change within Iran.
Any effective U.S. diplomatic approach to Iran must involve other countries in the Gulf, but Washington will not succeed if it continues to strive for an anti-Iranian alliance. A normalization of relations between Iran and its neighbors is an important and attainable step for reintegrating Iran into the international community.
Rules are the key to maintaining necessary pressure on Iran and framing a mutually-acceptable, face-saving outcome. Iran must take steps to build and maintain international confidence that all its nuclear activities are peaceful, and that none have military dimensions.
Responding to non-compliance is a promising area for progress at the 2010 Non-Proliferation Treaty Review Conference, because it imposes no additional burden on states that are playing by the rules.
The Obama administration faces the difficult task of reconciling when and how to deal with a disgraced regime which presents urgent national security challenges.